Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Articles

Effects of Sarcopenic Obesity on Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Elders: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2011): Hyun A Choi, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2016;27(3):231-241. Published online September 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.3.231

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PURPOSE
This study was conducted to examine effects of sarcopenic obesity on metabolic syndrome in Korean elders.
METHODS
This study is based on the analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) with 1,155 subjects (524 men, and 631 women) aged 60 or older, from 2008 to 2011. Sarcopenia was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), divided by weight (%) of <1 SD (standard deviation) below the sex-specific mean for young adults. Obesity was defined as a total body fat percent (menâ‰¥25%, womenâ‰¥35%).
RESULTS
The prevalence of SO (sarcopenic obesity) was 13.3% among men and 22.5% among women. Both sexes showed a higher total body fat percent, and the SMI (skeletal muscle index) was the lowest in the SO group. Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent in the SO group (52.5% men, 60.4% women). The SO group showed a higher risk for metabolic syndrome (odds ratio men 6.57 [95% CI 5.19~7.27], women 3.89 [95% CI 2.41~6.29]) than the obese group (men 3.14 [95% CI 1.76~4.14], women 2.54 [95% CI 1.38~4.65]).
CONCLUSION
SO is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome in Korean elders. Therefore, a nursing program should be given to the Korean elderly SO group to prevent metabolic syndrome.

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Does an Association among Sarcopenia and Metabolic Risk Factors Exist in People Older Than 65 Years? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
María del Carmen Carcelén-Fraile, Agustín Aibar-Almazán, Diego Fernando Afanador-Restrepo, Yulieth Rivas-Campo, Carlos Rodríguez-López, María del Mar Carcelén-Fraile, Yolanda Castellote-Caballero, Fidel Hita-Contreras
Life.2023; 13(3): 648. CrossRef
Associations between Sarcopenia and Metabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yang Du, Chorong Oh, Jaekyung No
Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome.2018; 27(3): 175. CrossRef

Differences in the Characteristics of Sexual Abuse Victimization between Low- and High-Grade Elementary School Children and Correlations among the Characteristics: Young Ran Cho, Ji Eun Kim, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2015;26(2):119-127. Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.2.119

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PURPOSE
This study is attempted to figure out the characteristics of sexual abuse victimization in low- and high-grade elementary school children and furthermore to help develop appropriate preventive educational programs against sexual abuse by grade.
METHODS
Data were collected from 156 sexual abuse victims who were elementary school children and visited the Child Sexual Abuse Response Center in D City during the period from 2010 to 2012. Differences in general and victimization-related characteristics between low and high graders and the correlations among the characteristics were analyzed.
RESULTS
The results showed statistically significant difference between low and high graders in two variables: offender-victim relationship, and the type of sexual abuse. Offender-victim relationship was in a significant correlation with the duration of victimization (r=.576, p<.001), frequency of abuse (r=.546, p<.001), location (r=-.479, p<.001), and time (r=.435, p<.001). The type of sexual abuse was in a significant correlation with frequency (r=.175, p=.029) and time (r=.261, p=.001).
CONCLUSION
Appropriate educational programs should be developed for preventing sexual assaults in consideration of difference in victimization-related characteristics between low and high graders. In addition, such programs should be applied fittingly to the learners'grade, gender, and cognitive level.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

An Integrative Literature Review on Sexual Abuse Prevention Education Programs for Elementary School Students in South Korea
Hyewon Shin, Jung Min Lee, Kyung-Ah Kang, Shin-Jeong Kim
Child Health Nursing Research.2019; 25(4): 435. CrossRef
Development of a Sexual Abuse Prevention Education Program for Elementary School Students Using a Hybrid Application
Shin-Jeong Kim, So-Ra Kang, Jung Min Lee
Child Health Nursing Research.2018; 24(1): 109. CrossRef
Development and Effects of a Children's Sex Education Program for the Parents of Lower Elementary Grade Students
Eun Mi Lee, Hyunlye Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2017; 47(2): 222. CrossRef
Sexual Abuse Prevention Mobile Application (SAP_MobAPP) for Primary School Children in Korea
Kyoung Ja Moon, Kyung Min Park, Yunsick Sung
Journal of Child Sexual Abuse.2017; 26(5): 573. CrossRef
Comparison of Needs About Sexual Abuse Prevention Education Between Elementary School Students and Teachers
Shin-Jeong Kim, Kyung-Ah Kang, Haeryun Cho, Hae Young Min
Child Health Nursing Research.2016; 22(3): 215. CrossRef

The Effect of a Social Support Program on Family Caregivers' Role Strain in Elderly Long-term Home Care: Mei Hae Oh, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2014;25(2):137-145. Published online June 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2014.25.2.137

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PURPOSE
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a social support program on family caregivers' role strain in elderly long-term home care.
METHODS
The research adopted a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The number of participants was 25 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group sampled among family caregivers in elderly long-term home care. The experimental group participated in a 10-session social support program, which consisted of physical, emotional, informational, and material support. The effect of the program was evaluated by measuring family caregivers' role strain.
RESULTS
The experimental group showed a significant decrease in family caregivers' role strain in elderly long-term home care.
CONCLUSION
The result suggests that the social support program was effective in decreasing family caregivers' role strain in elderly long-term home care. There is a need to develop more effective and systematicsocial support programsfor family caregivers of elderly long-term home care.

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The Effects of a Support Program for Family Caregivers of Elderly with Dementia on Empowerment and Attitudes toward Dementia
So Yoon Kim, Seonghee Jeong
Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2019; 25(1): 103. CrossRef
Comparing the Needs of Family Caregivers and Program Providers in Long-Term Care in Terms of Family Support Program
Myonghwa Park, Younghye Go, Miri Jeong, Eun-Jeong Han
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2019; 31(1): 14. CrossRef

Factors of Depression in Korean-Chinese Elders in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China: With Reference to Han-Chinese Living in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture: Mei Ling Song, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2013;24(2):151-160. Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2013.24.2.151

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to investigate depression in Korean-Chinese elder living in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China.
METHODS
A cross-sectional community-based survey was conducted using face to face private interviews for elders aged over 59, who have been dwelling in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. The samples consisted of 183 Korean-Chinese and 182 Han-Chinese with the latter as a reference group. Data were collected from August 25 to September 20, 2011 and analyzed with the SPSS 18.0 program. The GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) was used to measure elderly depression in the subjects.
RESULTS
In Korean-Chinese, the rate of depression was higher in those who had lower educational levels, and were economically supported by the government. And those who had depression showed lower scores in Chinese language proficiency, health status, and social supports, and had more chronic diseases. Factors having effects on Korean-Chinese elderly depression included perceived health status and subjective support.
CONCLUSION
According to the results, for preventing the depression of Korean-Chinese, it is necessary to develop health management programs and social support networks, which were easy to approach.

Factors Influencing the Burden Felt by Main Family Caregivers of Elderly Patients with Brain and Spinal Diseases: Hee Kyung Park, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2011;22(4):389-398. Published online December 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2011.22.4.389

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PURPOSE
This study of this study was to identify factors influencing the burden of main family caregivers who take care of elderly patients with brain and spinal diseases.
METHODS
This was conducted as descriptive research and data were collected from 255 main family caregivers who were taking care of elderly patients with brain and spinal diseases from 4 hospitals in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province. Stepwise-multiple regression was used to identify the influencing factors of burden felt.
RESULTS
As the score of burden felt by the main family, economic, social, physical, interdependent and emotional burdens were high in order. Factors influencing burden felt by main family care givers taking care of elderly patients with brain and spinal diseases were changed relation with patient after hospitalization, daily life ability, marital status, education and family caregiver's personality (explanatory power of 24.6%). Family caregivers felt a heavier burden when their relation with the patient was changed negatively or when the patient's activity of daily living was low.
CONCLUSION
Based on these results, we need to develop coping measures and interventional programs for reducing the burden felt by the main family caregivers of elderly patients with brain and spinal diseases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Effect of a Social Support Program on Family Caregivers' Role Strain in Elderly Long-term Home Care
Mei Hae Oh, Kyung Min Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2014; 25(2): 137. CrossRef
The Care Giving Burden of Primary Caregiver based on Nursing Needs of Long-term Care lnsurance Grade
Mi-Kyoung Kim, Dahye Park, Okhee Ahn
Journal of the Korea Convergence Society.2014; 5(3): 7. CrossRef

Comparison of Health Management and Leisure Activities between Korean and Japanese Elderly in Urban-Rural Composite Areas: Kyung Min Park, Hyun Wook Kang; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2011;22(2):184-191. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2011.22.2.184

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare health management and leisure activities of the Korean and Japanese elderly.
METHODS
This study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design. A total of 149 Korean and 140 Japanese older adults living in two urban-rural composite areas participated in this research project. Data were collected using interviews with the participants. t-test and 2 test were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Eighty eight point two percent of the Japanese perceived that their health status was good whereas 27.3% of the Koreans responded that their health status was poor. There were significant differences in types of leisure activities in art, intellectual, events, and volunteer activities between the two groups. A majority of the Japanese elderly replied that they spent some time and money for leisure activities; however, 20.2% and 27.2% of the Koreans reported that they did not spend time or money at all for leisure activities.
CONCLUSION
The number of the Korean elderly participating leisure activities was significantly lower than Japanese participants. Developing nursing strategies using leisure programs would improve the quality of life of older adults and the quality of nursing care.

The Effects of a Safety Management Program on Safety Accident-related Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of Elementary School Students in Korea: Kyung Min Park, Kyoung Mi Jeon, Min Young Kim, Eun Suk Lee, Sang Min Kwon; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2010;21(2):220-228. Published online June 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2010.21.2.220

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PURPOSE
The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of a safety management program on safety accident-related knowledge, attitude and behavior of elementary school students in Korea.
METHODS
This study adopted nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The number of subjects was 34 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The safety management program was performed for approximately 50 minutes each session, once a week for 8 weeks. Data were collected from March 14th to June 23th, 2006, and analyzed by chi2 test and independent t-test with SPSS WIN 16.0.
RESULTS
There were statistically significant differences in safety-related knowledge (t=3.010, p=.006) and behavior (t=18.833, p=.001) between the experimental group and the control group. The score of attitude was different between the experimental group and the control group but the difference was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
The safety management program used in this study was appropriate for elemental school students and affected safety-related knowledge and behavior of elementary school students. Therefore safety education should be provided systematically for elementary schools over the whole country.

Citations

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ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ÖZ YETERLİLİK DÜZEYİ İLE ACİL DURUMLARLA BAŞA ÇIKMA DURUMLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Atiye KARAKUL, Duygu SÖNMEZ DÜZKAYA, Aybüke TANRIVERDİ
Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal.2022; 5(3): 707. CrossRef
Attitudes, Perception and Preventive Behaviors for Health and Safety among College Students
Hwa Jeong Seo
Korean Journal of Health Promotion.2018; 18(4): 169. CrossRef
Effects of Safety Awareness and Self-Efficacy on Safety Practice with Elementary School Studentsts: Focusing on the Changwon City
Sin-Young PARK, Yong-Sook EO
Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education.2016; 28(2): 515. CrossRef
A Study of Effect of Disability Prevention Program Acquired by People with Disabilities are Performed : centered on Elementary School Students
Yeon-Jung Kim
Journal of Digital Convergence.2016; 14(5): 369. CrossRef
Factors associated with Unintentional Injuries to Korean Adolescents at School: A Multilevel Study
Jung-Ok Yu, Myo-Sung Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2016; 27(4): 337. CrossRef
A Systematic Review on the Evaluation of School based Unintentional Injuries Prevention Programmes in 7~19 Years Old
Geum Hee Kim, Hyeong Sik Ahn, Hyeon Jeong Kim, Mi Lan Han
Journal of the Korean Society of School Health.2014; 27(1): 7. CrossRef

Factors Influencing the Health Status and Life Satisfaction of Elders in Free and Charged Welfare Facilities: Yoen Kyoung Kim, Kyung Min Park, Chung Nam Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2008;19(2):317-325. Published online June 30, 2008

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing the health status and life satisfaction of elders in welfare facilities.
METHODS
The subjects of this study were selected randomly among those without cognitive impairment from free (140 persons) and charged (140 persons) welfare facilities in the Yeongnam area. Data was analyzed using t-test and stepwise multiple regression.
RESULTS
Health status and life satisfaction were 2.52 and 1.98, respectively, in the elders from free welfare facilities, and 2.67 and 2.08 respectively, in the elders from charged welfare facilities. In those from free facilities, life satisfaction and motivation for getting into the welfare facility were the influencing factors of health status. In those from charged facilities, life satisfaction, gender, motivation for getting into the welfare facility, limited service such as physiotherapy, age, and lack of staff and professionalism were the influence factors of health status. In those from free facilities, health status, relationship conflict with fellow elders, lack of staff and professionalism, insufficient facilities and inadequate environment, and indifference of sons and daughters were the influence factors of life satisfaction, In those from charged facilities, health status, education and age were the influence factors of life satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS
It was found that both health status and life satisfaction of elders in charged welfare facilities were higher than those in free welfare facilities.

The Effect of an Empowerment Health Management Program on Self-esteem and the Quality of Life for the Urban Elderly: Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2008;19(2):226-233. Published online June 30, 2008

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose was to test the effect of an empowerment health management program on self-esteem and the quality of life for the elderly who live in cities.
METHODS
Forty-three elders were randomly assigned to either the experimental group that received the intervention to participate in one year's empowerment practice (one home visiting per week and phone counselling) (n=21) or to the control group that got home visiting only (n=22). The data was analyzed using ANCOVA.
RESULTS
There was no significant difference in the self-esteem score between the two groups after the intervention. But the quality of life score of the experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group after the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
The health management intervention using empowerment for the elderly living alone with chronic diseases in urban areas had positive effects on the quality of life. Therefore this intervention can be broadly applied to other elders living alone with chronic diseases in urban areas.

The Effects of Hope Intervention on the Hope and Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Staying at Home and Cared in Public Health Center: Chung Nam Kim, A Mi Shin, Kyung Min Park, Myong Hwa Park, Yeong Ah Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2008;19(2):177-187. Published online June 30, 2008

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was to identify the effects of hope intervention on the hope and quality of life of cancer patients staying at home.
METHOD
The study adopted the randomized control group design. The subjects consisted of randomly selected forty cancer patients who were registered at S-Gu Public Health Center. Hope intervention which was composed of hope assessment, positive self identity formation, hope objective setting, therapeutic relationship and spiritual & transcendental process improving, and hope evaluation was provided from October 22, 2007 to November 30, 2007.
RESULT
Hypothesis 1-1 "The experimental group that received hope intervention will have a higher score of hope than the control group", was supported(t=-3.108, p=.004). Hypothesis 1-2 "The experimental group that received hope intervention will have a higher level of hope index than the control group", was supported (t=-4.219, p=.000). Therefore, Hypothesis 1 "The experimental group that received hope intervention will have a higher level of hope than the control group" was supported. Hypothesis 2 "The experimental group that received hope intervention will have a higher level of quality of life than the control group", was not supported (t=-1.726, p=.092).
CONCLUSION
Hope intervention is an effective nursing intervention to enhance hope for patients with cancer staying at home.

The Effects of Exercise.Behavior Modification Therapy on the Obesity Control and Self-esteem of the Obese Female College Students: Chung Nam Kim, Yun Hee Kwon, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(2):293-300. Published online June 30, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
To examine the effect of the exercise.behavior modification therapy one the obesity control and self-esteem of the obese female college students.
METHOD
Data was collected from March 10, 2006 to June 10, 2006. The research design was adopted randomized control group (EG=exercise group) pretest-posttest experimental (E . BG=exercise . behavior modification therapy group) design. The subjects were nursing students at T college. A total of 37 obese female college students(BMI: over 27mg/m2) were selected for this research. The exercise program was executed for 12 weeks and 4 days a week, and the behavior modification was therapy performed for 12 weeks and 60 minutes per week. The data were analyzed with the SPSS Win 12.0 program through the Mann-Whitney test.
RESULT
BMI(Z=-3.049, p=.002) of the E . BG was significantly different from the EG. The Total Cholesterol(Z=-1.162, p=.250) of the E . BG was not significantly different from the EG. The self-esteem(Z=-3.196, p=.001) of the E.BG was significantly different from the EG.
CONCLUSION
The exercise . behavior modification therapy was more effective than the exercise therapy in improving the obesity and self-esteem of the obese female college students.

Evaluation of Community Health Center for Vulnerable Population in Urban Areas: Kyung Min Park, Chung Nam Kim, Hyo Jung Koh, Yeong Sook Park, Jung Sook Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18(2):266-275. Published online June 30, 2007

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate achievements of a community health center for vulnerable population in urban areas and to find out its strength and weakness.
METHOD
This evaluative study employed system theories and analytic techniques.
RESULTS
The purpose of improving vulnerable population's health-related self-care abilities adequately met the operation of programs. This center maintained close connection to a nursing college as a information resource. The subjects' satisfaction was high because team members who visited them were faithful and there were face-to-face contact, sufficient time set, closeness and resourcefulness. There were needs for regular meetings to discuss overall matters in organizing the program and to improve management skills. The mean score of health promotion lifestyle was 2.23 on a 4 point scale. This score indicates what in higher than vulnerable people in other communities.
CONCLUSIONS
Community-based nursing centers for vulnerable population in urban areas should be developed as support organizations and community network.

The Relationships among the Suicidal Risk, Self-Esteem, and Spiritual Well-being of High School Students: Yeong Ah Kim, Young Sook Kwon, Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2006;17(1):112-124. Published online March 31, 2006

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study was carried out to investigate the relationships among suicidal risk, self-esteem, and spiritual well-being of high school students, and to provide basic data for developing suicide prevention programs.
METHOD
The subjects of this study were 1.176 high school students from six academic high schools and two technical high schools in Daegu City. Data were collected from the 13th to the 25th of September 2004. The research tools were the Suicide Probability Scale developed by Go. Kim and Lee (2000), the Self-Esteem Inventory modified by Choi and Jeon (1993), and the tool of Spiritual Well-Being modified by Yoo (2002). Data were analyzed with SPSS Windows 11.0.
RESULT
Variables that showed statistically significant difference in suicidal risk were school type, whether to have the best friends, the number of close friends, current relationship with close friends, experience of school violation, respect for the teacher, grades, financial condition, parents marital status, father's education level, mother's education level, home atmosphere, conversation with father, conversation with mother, smoking, drinking, experience of counseling for problems, whether to have physical illnesses, experience of thinking about suicide, experience of attempting suicide. Suicidal risk was in a significantly negative correlation with self-esteem and spiritual well-being.
CONCLUSION
The researcher identified many different variables that affect the suicidal risk of high school students. Self-esteem and spiritual well-being were found to be in a significant correlation with suicidal risk. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as basic data and information for suicidal prevention programs.

A Study the Health Problems of the Living-alone Elderly Using MDS-HC 2.0: Kyung Min Park, Ae Hwa Jaung; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2006;17(1):74-82. Published online March 31, 2006

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
This study used MDS-HC 2.0 to identify health problems in the elderly who live alone.
METHOD
The subjects of this study were 100 living-alone elders aged over 65 in Daegu city. This study was performed through home visiting interviews during the period from the 1st of September to the 30th of September 2005. Analysis in this study was made using SPSS Version 11.0.
RESULTS
Frequent health problems in the living-alone elderly were: preventive heath measure (90), health promotion (80), social function (78), visual function (75), depression and anxiety (61), pain and communication disorder (60), cognition (55), environmental assessment (48) and oral health (45) in order of frequency. Informal services were provided to 73% of the subjects for emotional support. IADL services were provided to 57% of the subjects, and ADL services to 66%.
CONCLUSION
Nursing intervention programs based on health problems from MDS-HC 2.0 should be provided in order to cope with individual health problems and living-alone elders needs. The results of this study suggest that MDS-HC 2.0 is applicable to help decide nursing interventions for the elderly who live alone in community.

Evaluation of Visiting Nursing Services for the Vulnerable Family in Urban Community: Kyung Min Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2004;15(1):56-66. Published online March 31, 2004

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to verify a change for family nursing phenomena and satisfaction of clients of vulnerable families in an urban community.
METHODS
The study subjects were 711 families, randomly selected, who had chronic diseases(arthritis diabetes, stroke, hypertension, mental disease, cancer, dementia) with basic social welfare services from the nation and had disabled persons in an urban community, South Korea. The instruments used were the family nursing phenomena in Korea by ICNP and client satisfaction. Client satisfaction consisted of client satisfaction on home visiting nurses(4-Likert scales) and home visiting services(3-Likert scales).
RESULTS
The average visiting number is 3.82. The service number of education and counseling is 3.16, patient and symptom management 3.08, assessment and diagnosis 3.08, test 2.02, medication service 1.71, dressing 1.01, referral to social welfare institute 1.00, referral to medical service institute 0.21. In both, pre-home visiting and post-home visiting, the highest rated phenomenon was the 'lack of social support system' and following that 'deficit of financial management skill and support', 'lack of family interaction in community', and 'social isolation' 'unhealthy life style' and 'inadequate care management of sick member', in that order. The percentages of phenomena besides 'deficit of financial management skill and support' decreased. The satisfaction level of clients towards the nurses was 3.27 points on a scale of 4, and the nursing services was 2.70 points on a scale of 3.
CONCLUSION
Home visiting nursing services should continue to provide comprehensive healthcare services and support for vulnerable families, in urban communities.

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